Skip to content.
 

Clear the fog around conflict-of-interest disclosures

Conflicts of interest are more common than you think. Make disclosures about potential conflicts, including gifts, travel, entertainment and more, simple to manage and monitor over time with NAVEX One Disclosure Management.

Let’s get started

Automated

No-paperwork, automated system

Real-time

Real-time tracking and check-ins

Customizable

Customizable to your structure

Black woman with glasses

Achieve no-nonsense disclosure management

Managing disclosures shouldn’t feel like detective work. Bring everything into the open, from initial disclosure to final resolution.

With NAVEX One Disclosure Management, you can:

  • Send disclosures to the right people with just a few clicks
  • Simplify how you receive, assign and manage disclosures
  • Investigate disclosures quickly through direct messaging and attachable documentation
  • Stay proactive and consistent in your approach to potential conflicts
Get a demo

Conflicts of Interest: Your Essential 2025 FAQ

A practical guide for strengthening COI programs through clearer expectations, consistent oversight and modern technology.

  • What is a conflict of interest program and why does it matter?

    A conflict of interest (COI) arises when personal relationships, financial interests or outside activities influence, or appear to influence, an employee’s judgment. A COI program helps organizations identify, assess and resolve these risks early. 

    During our recent webinar, speaker Michael Volkov emphasized that undisclosed conflicts, especially at senior levels, can erode trust quickly and undermine culture. Employees notice when leaders are held to different standards, which makes COI governance an important indicator of accountability and integrity.

  • Who should complete a COI disclosure?

    A good rule of thumb is simple: everyone
    While senior leaders, people managers and procurement roles carry heightened exposure, all employees can encounter potential conflicts. Asking every employee to complete a disclosure reinforces fairness and encourages a speak-up culture. 

    New hires should complete a disclosure during onboarding, and all employees should reconfirm annually. Volkov noted that treating all roles consistently helps create a culture where transparency is expected.

  • How often should employees update or reaffirm disclosures?

    Best practice includes: 

    • Annual disclosures for all employees 
    • New-hire disclosures during onboarding 
    • Interim disclosures when a situation changes 

    Technology can streamline this workflow by repopulating past answers and prompting employees to confirm whether details remain accurate. This reduces administrative burden while improving completeness.

  • What is the best governance model for COI oversight?

    Most organizations use a tiered approach: 

    • Compliance manages day-to-day reviews 
    • An internal ethics committee (typically Compliance, HR, Legal) handles complex or sensitive cases 
    • Escalation paths guide issues involving senior executives 

    A formal escalation policy helps avoid real or perceived bias and ensures that reviews are handled consistently. This structure is essential for fairness and credibility.

  • Should boards or board committees review COI issues?

    Boards should receive regular compliance reporting, including COI metrics and trends. DOJ expectations reinforce that boards must have visibility into the health of an organization’s culture.  

    However, individual COI cases are usually reviewed by internal ethics committees unless the disclosure involves: 

    • A senior executive 
    • A potential risk to shareholders 
    • A matter that may require regulatory reporting 

    Boards mostly need oversight, not immersion in operational decisions.

  • Why is documentation so important?

    Documentation is one of the strongest indicators of accountability. 

    Regulators expect organizations to: 

    • Show how disclosures were reviewed 
    • Demonstrate who was involved 
    • Record the rationale behind decisions 
    • Maintain an audit trail 

    As Michael Volkov noted, “If you cannot produce documentation, regulators will not believe you.”

  • What should a COI policy include?

    Clear COI policies typically address: 

    • Definitions and examples of conflicts 
    • Annual and interim disclosure expectations 
    • Escalation and review processes 
    • Roles and responsibilities 
    • Conditions for approval (for example, recusal from certain decisions) 
    • How the organization manages gift- and entertainment-related conflicts 

    Simple and consistent language helps remove ambiguity and reinforces fairness.

  • How do we communicate which outside activities or board memberships require disclosure?

    Provide employees with examples across a spectrum. For instance: 

    • Serving on a PTO board may not pose a conflict 
    • Serving on the board of an industry association, vendor or competitor may require disclosure 

    The key is perception. Even if a situation is not an actual conflict, the appearance of one can damage trust. Clear definitions and relatable examples help employees understand when to disclose.

  • How should we handle gift and entertainment-related conflicts?

    Gifts, meals, entertainment and travel (GMET) are among the most common sources of conflicts. Expectations should include: 

    • Dollar limits 
    • Approval thresholds 
    • Required disclosures 
    • Clear examples of acceptable and unacceptable situations 

    Because this is a seasonal pain point, especially during the holidays, employees benefit from quick access to guidance such as micro-learnings or automated policy lookup tools.

  • How do we ensure fairness in COI review decisions?

    Fairness requires: 

    • Standardized review workflows 
    • Consistent criteria for decisions 
    • Clear escalation paths 
    • Transparency when possible 
    • Documentation of reasoning 

    Organizations should periodically review trends to confirm that decisions are being applied evenly.

  • How transparent should we be when communicating COI or hotline outcomes?

    Employees value transparency, but confidentiality must be preserved. Many organizations share de-identified examples in: 

    • Annual ethics reports 
    • All-hands meetings 
    • Training 
    • Internal newsletters 

    Volkov noted that anonymized summaries help strengthen culture by showing that concerns are taken seriously.

  • How can we reduce administrative burden in COI management?

    Manual processes such as email, spreadsheets and inbox archives create inconsistency and risk. Modern COI technology reduces workload through: 

    • Automated routing rules 
    • Risk scoring 
    • Pre-populated disclosures 
    • Built-in communication tools 
    • Role-based access 
    • Analytics and dashboards 

    Large organizations especially benefit from automation because they may manage thousands of disclosures each year.

  • Can employees submit disclosures anonymously or by proxy?

    Anonymous reporting is usually handled through the hotline. For disclosures: 

    • Some platforms support proxy entry by administrators 
    • NAVEX confirmed that enhanced proxy support is planned as an upcoming feature 

    This helps employees who may need assistance while still maintaining process integrity.

  • Does COI software integrate with HRIS, CRM or other systems?

    Yes. Integrations support: 

    • New-hire disclosure automation 
    • Role-based questionnaire assignments 
    • Data consistency 
    • Reduced manual entry 
    • Targeted outreach to higher-risk groups 

    When COI data is paired with HR or vendor data, teams can also identify relationships or activities that require closer review.

  • How can technology help identify patterns we may otherwise miss?

    Analytics can uncover insights such as: 

    • Multiple disclosures involving the same vendor 
    • Clusters of outside employment in a department 
    • Trends in gift- or relationship-based conflicts 
    • Increases in anonymous reporting 

    During the webinar, one example highlighted how more than a dozen employees in the same department had outside employment with the same company. This pattern only became clear through analytics.

  • How do COIs connect to ABAC, third-party risk and regulatory expectations?

    COIs often appear alongside other risks, including fraud, bribery and third-party misconduct. Volkov noted that many bribery or trade violations begin with an overlooked or undisclosed conflict.  

    This makes COI data valuable for: 

    • ABAC programs 
    • Third-party screening 
    • Vendor selection 
    • Whistleblowing trends 
    • Culture assessments
  • What does DOJ guidance say about COI programs?

    While DOJ does not issue COI-specific regulations, its expectations remain clear. Organizations should demonstrate: 

    • A strong culture of compliance 
    • Leadership accountability 
    • Effective reporting channels 
    • Board visibility 
    • Documented and consistent processes 
    • Timely investigation and resolution 

    COI handling is often viewed as a reflection of broader compliance maturity.

  • Where can I learn more or explore NAVEX solutions?

    Explore additional resources, including: 

    • NAVEX Resource Center 
    • The 2025 NAVEX Benchmark Report 
    • NAVEX One Disclosure Management 
    • Webinars on speak-up culture and ethical leadership

Make managing disclosures drama-free

Your approach to disclosures shapes not just compliance, but also the trust and respect you gain from your people. Set a new standard in transparency with NAVEX One Disclosure Management.